A hacker is an individual with advanced skills in computer systems, networks, and programming, often using these abilities to explore, manipulate, or challenge digital infrastructures. The term originated in the 1960s at MIT, where it referred to innovative problem-solvers, but it has evolved to encompass a broader spectrum of activities.
Types of Hackers:
– White Hat Hackers: Ethical professionals who identify vulnerabilities in systems to improve security. They work for organizations, governments, or as independent consultants, conducting penetration testing and audits.
– Black Hat Hackers: Malicious actors who exploit system weaknesses for personal gain, such as stealing data, spreading malware, or conducting ransomware attacks. Their activities are illegal and can lead to severe consequences.
– Gray Hat Hackers: A middle ground, where individuals hack without permission but disclose vulnerabilities to the affected parties, often for recognition or rewards. Their actions may be ethically ambiguous.
– Script Kiddies: Novices who use pre-written code or tools to perform hacks without deep technical understanding, posing less of a threat but still causing damage.
– Hacktivists: Motivated by social or political causes, they use hacking to promote awareness, such as through website defacements or data leaks.
Impact on Society:
Hacking has dual effects. Positively, it drives cybersecurity advancements and innovation. Negatively, it results in financial losses, data breaches, and privacy invasions. High-profile incidents, such as the Equifax breach or SolarWinds attack, highlight the need for robust defenses.
Prevention and Response:
Organizations combat hacking through firewalls, intrusion detection systems, regular updates, and employee training. Ethical hacking, via bug bounty programs, encourages responsible disclosure. Globally, laws like the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA) in the U.S. deter illegal activities.
Table of contents
- Part 1: OnlineExamMaker AI quiz maker – Make a free quiz in minutes
- Part 2: 20 hacker quiz questions & answers
- Part 3: Automatically generate quiz questions using AI Question Generator
Part 1: OnlineExamMaker AI quiz maker – Make a free quiz in minutes
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Automatically generate questions using AI
Part 2: 20 hacker quiz questions & answers
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1. Question: What is SQL injection?
A. A method to inject malicious code into a website’s frontend
B. An attack that targets databases by inserting malicious SQL statements
C. A technique to encrypt data in transit
D. A form of virus that spreads through email attachments
Answer: B
Explanation: SQL injection is a code injection technique that exploits a security vulnerability in an application’s software, allowing attackers to interfere with the queries that an application makes to its database.
2. Question: Which of the following is a common tool used for network scanning?
A. Wireshark
B. Nmap
C. Metasploit
D. John the Ripper
Answer: B
Explanation: Nmap is a free and open-source tool used for network discovery and security auditing, allowing hackers to scan for open ports and services on a network.
3. Question: What does DDoS stand for in the context of cyber attacks?
A. Distributed Denial of Service
B. Direct Data Overload System
C. Digital Defense Operating System
D. Dynamic Data Overwrite Sequence
Answer: A
Explanation: DDoS is an attack where multiple compromised systems target a single system, causing the service to become overwhelmed and unavailable.
4. Question: Which encryption method is commonly used for securing Wi-Fi networks?
A. WPA3
B. MD5
C. SHA-256
D. AES
Answer: A
Explanation: WPA3 is a security protocol standard for wireless networks that provides enhanced encryption and protection against brute-force attacks.
5. Question: What is phishing?
A. A method to physically steal hardware
B. Attempting to obtain sensitive information by disguising as a trustworthy entity
C. Installing malware on a system remotely
D. Cracking passwords using dictionary attacks
Answer: B
Explanation: Phishing is a social engineering attack where attackers deceive individuals into providing confidential information, often through fake emails or websites.
6. Question: Which type of malware replicates itself by modifying other computer programs?
A. Worm
B. Virus
C. Trojan
D. Ransomware
Answer: B
Explanation: A virus is malicious software that attaches itself to clean files and spreads when those files are executed, replicating and potentially causing damage.
7. Question: What is the purpose of a VPN in hacking contexts?
A. To monitor network traffic
B. To create a secure, encrypted connection over the internet
C. To scan for vulnerabilities
D. To launch DDoS attacks
Answer: B
Explanation: Hackers often use VPNs to mask their IP addresses and encrypt their traffic, making it harder to trace their activities.
8. Question: Which protocol is most vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks?
A. HTTPS
B. HTTP
C. SSH
D. SSL
Answer: B
Explanation: HTTP transmits data in plain text, making it easy for attackers to intercept and alter communications, unlike its secured version, HTTPS.
9. Question: What is social engineering?
A. Manipulating hardware to overclock it
B. Psychological manipulation to trick people into divulging confidential information
C. Building physical devices to hack networks
D. Using algorithms to predict stock market trends
Answer: B
Explanation: Social engineering exploits human psychology rather than technical vulnerabilities, often involving deception to gain unauthorized access.
10. Question: Which tool is primarily used for exploiting vulnerabilities in software?
A. Burp Suite
B. Metasploit
C. Aircrack-ng
D. Hashcat
Answer: B
Explanation: Metasploit is a framework that helps hackers develop and execute exploit code against software vulnerabilities.
11. Question: What is a zero-day exploit?
A. An attack that occurs at midnight
B. A vulnerability unknown to the vendor, exploited before a patch is available
C. A virus that deletes files after 24 hours
D. A DDoS attack lasting one day
Answer: B
Explanation: A zero-day exploit targets flaws in software that the developer is unaware of, giving attackers a window before defenses are updated.
12. Question: How does a keylogger work?
A. By scanning networks for open ports
B. Recording keystrokes to capture sensitive information like passwords
C. Encrypting files on a system
D. Blocking access to websites
Answer: B
Explanation: A keylogger is malware that monitors and logs keystrokes, allowing hackers to steal login credentials and other typed data.
13. Question: What is the main goal of a rootkit?
A. To scan for viruses
B. To gain administrator-level access while hiding its presence
C. To encrypt data for secure transmission
D. To perform network mapping
Answer: B
Explanation: Rootkits are stealthy tools that provide backdoor access and hide malicious activities from detection by antivirus software.
14. Question: Which attack involves guessing passwords through trial and error?
A. Brute force attack
B. Phishing
C. SQL injection
D. Buffer overflow
Answer: A
Explanation: A brute force attack systematically tries all possible combinations until the correct password is found, often using automated tools.
15. Question: What does the term “exploit” refer to in hacking?
A. A piece of software used to fix vulnerabilities
B. Code that takes advantage of a security flaw
C. A method to encrypt communications
D. A type of firewall
Answer: B
Explanation: An exploit is a program or technique that allows hackers to bypass security measures by leveraging known weaknesses.
16. Question: Which hashing algorithm is commonly used for password storage?
A. bcrypt
B. DES
C. RSA
D. FTP
Answer: A
Explanation: Bcrypt is a slow and secure hashing algorithm designed for password storage, making it resistant to brute force attacks.
17. Question: What is a firewall’s primary function?
A. To monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on security rules
B. To encrypt all data on a device
C. To scan for viruses in real-time
D. To perform DDoS attacks
Answer: A
Explanation: Firewalls act as a barrier between trusted internal networks and untrusted external ones, filtering traffic to prevent unauthorized access.
18. Question: Which technique involves intercepting communication between two parties?
A. Packet sniffing
B. Port scanning
C. Password cracking
D. Rootkit installation
Answer: A
Explanation: Packet sniffing captures and analyzes data packets on a network, allowing hackers to eavesdrop on sensitive information.
19. Question: What is the difference between a virus and a worm?
A. A virus requires user action to spread, while a worm spreads automatically
B. A worm is always encrypted, but a virus is not
C. They are the same thing
D. A virus attacks hardware, while a worm attacks software
Answer: A
Explanation: Viruses typically need a host program to propagate, whereas worms can self-replicate and spread across networks without human intervention.
20. Question: Which best practice can help prevent most hacking attempts?
A. Using weak passwords and sharing them
B. Regularly updating software and using strong, unique passwords
C. Leaving devices connected to public networks without protection
D. Disabling firewalls for faster internet
Answer: B
Explanation: Regular updates patch vulnerabilities, and strong passwords make it harder for hackers to gain unauthorized access.
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Part 3: Automatically generate quiz questions using OnlineExamMaker AI Question Generator
Automatically generate questions using AI