The stomach is a muscular, J-shaped organ located in the upper abdomen, serving as a vital part of the digestive system. It acts as a temporary storage and processing unit for food, where powerful acids and enzymes break down ingested materials into a semi-liquid form called chyme. Lined with protective mucus to withstand its acidic environment, the stomach churns and mixes its contents through rhythmic contractions, preparing them for absorption in the small intestine. Its size and shape can vary, typically holding about 1 to 1.5 liters when full, and it plays a crucial role in nutrient extraction while also signaling hunger and satiety to the brain.
Table of contents
- Part 1: OnlineExamMaker AI quiz generator – The easiest way to make quizzes online
- Part 2: 20 stomach quiz questions & answers
- Part 3: Try OnlineExamMaker AI Question Generator to create quiz questions
Part 1: OnlineExamMaker AI quiz generator – The easiest way to make quizzes online
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Part 2: 20 stomach quiz questions & answers
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1. Question: What is the primary function of the stomach?
Options:
A. Absorption of nutrients
B. Storage and initial digestion of food
C. Filtration of blood
D. Production of bile
Answer: B
Explanation: The stomach stores ingested food and begins the digestion process by mixing it with gastric juices, which break down proteins.
2. Question: Which layer of the stomach wall contains the gastric glands?
Options:
A. Serosa
B. Mucosa
C. Muscularis
D. Submucosa
Answer: B
Explanation: The mucosa layer houses the gastric glands that secrete hydrochloric acid and enzymes for digestion.
3. Question: What enzyme is primarily responsible for protein digestion in the stomach?
Options:
A. Amylase
B. Lipase
C. Pepsin
D. Trypsin
Answer: C
Explanation: Pepsin, produced as pepsinogen and activated by stomach acid, breaks down proteins into smaller peptides.
4. Question: Which part of the stomach connects to the esophagus?
Options:
A. Pylorus
B. Fundus
C. Cardia
D. Body
Answer: C
Explanation: The cardia is the upper part of the stomach where the esophagus enters, acting as the gateway for food.
5. Question: What is the pH level typically found in the stomach?
Options:
A. 7 (neutral)
B. 8-9 (alkaline)
C. 1-2 (highly acidic)
D. 4-5 (slightly acidic)
Answer: C
Explanation: The stomach maintains a pH of 1-2 due to hydrochloric acid, which aids in digestion and kills bacteria.
6. Question: Which hormone stimulates gastric acid secretion?
Options:
A. Insulin
B. Gastrin
C. Secretin
D. Cholecystokinin
Answer: B
Explanation: Gastrin is released by the stomach in response to food, promoting the release of gastric acid for digestion.
7. Question: What causes the stomach to churn and mix food?
Options:
A. Peristalsis
B. Diffusion
C. Osmosis
D. Filtration
Answer: A
Explanation: Peristalsis involves rhythmic contractions of the stomach muscles that mix food with digestive juices.
8. Question: Which condition involves inflammation of the stomach lining?
Options:
A. Appendicitis
B. Gastritis
C. Hepatitis
D. Colitis
Answer: B
Explanation: Gastritis is the inflammation of the gastric mucosa, often caused by infection, alcohol, or medications.
9. Question: What is the role of the pyloric sphincter?
Options:
A. To prevent food from entering the stomach
B. To control the release of chyme into the small intestine
C. To produce gastric juices
D. To absorb water
Answer: B
Explanation: The pyloric sphincter regulates the passage of partially digested food (chyme) from the stomach to the duodenum.
10. Question: How does the stomach protect itself from its own acid?
Options:
A. By producing mucus
B. By neutralizing acid with bile
C. By increasing pH levels
D. By stopping enzyme production
Answer: A
Explanation: The stomach lining secretes a thick layer of mucus that acts as a barrier, protecting the mucosa from hydrochloric acid.
11. Question: What is the approximate capacity of an adult stomach?
Options:
A. 0.5 liters
B. 1-1.5 liters
C. 2-4 liters
D. 5 liters
Answer: B
Explanation: The adult stomach can hold about 1-1.5 liters of food and liquids when fully expanded.
12. Question: Which type of cells in the stomach produce hydrochloric acid?
Options:
A. Chief cells
B. Parietal cells
C. Goblet cells
D. Enteroendocrine cells
Answer: B
Explanation: Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid, which lowers the pH and activates digestive enzymes.
13. Question: What is a common symptom of a stomach ulcer?
Options:
A. Jaundice
B. Abdominal pain
C. Dizziness
D. Blurred vision
Answer: B
Explanation: Stomach ulcers often cause burning abdominal pain, especially when the stomach is empty.
14. Question: How does the stomach contribute to the immune system?
Options:
A. By producing antibodies
B. By destroying pathogens with acid
C. By filtering blood
D. By storing white blood cells
Answer: B
Explanation: The acidic environment in the stomach kills many ingested bacteria and viruses, providing a first line of defense.
15. Question: What happens to food in the stomach before it leaves?
Options:
A. It is fully absorbed
B. It is converted into chyme
C. It is broken down into water
D. It is stored without change
Answer: B
Explanation: Food is mixed with gastric juices to form a semi-liquid substance called chyme, which is then released into the small intestine.
16. Question: Which factor can increase the risk of stomach cancer?
Options:
A. High fiber diet
B. Helicobacter pylori infection
C. Regular exercise
D. Vitamin supplements
Answer: B
Explanation: Infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria is a major risk factor for developing stomach cancer.
17. Question: What is the fundus of the stomach?
Options:
A. The lower outlet
B. The upper dome-shaped part
C. The middle section
D. The muscular layer
Answer: B
Explanation: The fundus is the uppermost part of the stomach, which can expand to store gas and food.
18. Question: How does the stomach aid in mechanical digestion?
Options:
A. Through chemical reactions only
B. By churning food with muscle contractions
C. By absorbing nutrients directly
D. By expelling waste
Answer: B
Explanation: Mechanical digestion in the stomach occurs via muscular contractions that grind and mix food.
19. Question: What is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Options:
A. Inflammation of the liver
B. Acid backing up into the esophagus
C. Blockage in the intestines
D. Overproduction of bile
Answer: B
Explanation: GERD occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation and symptoms like heartburn.
20. Question: Which nutrient is primarily digested in the stomach?
Options:
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Fats
D. Vitamins
Answer: B
Explanation: Proteins are the main nutrients broken down in the stomach by pepsin and hydrochloric acid.
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