An Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a specialized department in a hospital designed to provide continuous, high-level medical care for critically ill or injured patients. It features advanced monitoring equipment, life-support systems, and a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals, including intensivists, nurses, respiratory therapists, and pharmacists. ICUs manage conditions such as severe infections, trauma, post-surgical complications, cardiac events, and respiratory failure, focusing on stabilizing vital signs, preventing complications, and facilitating recovery. Patients are typically admitted based on criteria like unstable vital signs, the need for mechanical ventilation, or close monitoring of organ function. The unit emphasizes evidence-based protocols, such as sepsis management and pain control, to optimize outcomes while minimizing risks like hospital-acquired infections.
Table of contents
- Part 1: OnlineExamMaker AI quiz maker – Make a free quiz in minutes
- Part 2: 20 ICU quiz questions & answers
- Part 3: Save time and energy: generate quiz questions with AI technology
Part 1: OnlineExamMaker AI quiz maker – Make a free quiz in minutes
What’s the best way to create a ICU quiz online? OnlineExamMaker is the best AI quiz making software for you. No coding, and no design skills required. If you don’t have the time to create your online quiz from scratch, you are able to use OnlineExamMaker AI Question Generator to create question automatically, then add them into your online assessment. What is more, the platform leverages AI proctoring and AI grading features to streamline the process while ensuring exam integrity.
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Part 2: 20 ICU quiz questions & answers
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Question 1:
What is the primary goal of mechanical ventilation in the ICU?
A. To provide nutritional support
B. To maintain adequate gas exchange
C. To administer medications directly
D. To monitor hemodynamic status
Answer: B
Explanation: Mechanical ventilation supports patients by ensuring sufficient oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide removal when they cannot breathe adequately on their own.
Question 2:
In septic shock, which parameter is most indicative of inadequate tissue perfusion?
A. Blood pressure
B. Heart rate
C. Lactate levels
D. Respiratory rate
Answer: C
Explanation: Elevated lactate levels indicate anaerobic metabolism due to poor oxygen delivery, signaling tissue hypoperfusion in septic shock.
Question 3:
What is the target mean arterial pressure (MAP) for a patient in septic shock?
A. Less than 50 mmHg
B. 60-65 mmHg
C. 80-90 mmHg
D. Greater than 100 mmHg
Answer: B
Explanation: Guidelines recommend maintaining a MAP of at least 65 mmHg to ensure adequate organ perfusion, though individual targets may vary.
Question 4:
Which Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score indicates a severe head injury?
A. 13-15
B. 9-12
C. 3-8
D. 16-20
Answer: C
Explanation: A GCS score of 3-8 signifies severe brain injury, often requiring immediate intervention such as intubation.
Question 5:
What is the first-line treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?
A. Antibiotics
B. Mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes
C. Diuretics
D. Blood transfusion
Answer: B
Explanation: Low tidal volume ventilation (6 mL/kg predicted body weight) helps reduce ventilator-induced lung injury in ARDS patients.
Question 6:
In ICU patients, what does a PaO2/FiO2 ratio below 300 indicate?
A. Normal lung function
B. Mild hypoxemia
C. Acute lung injury
D. Hypercapnia
Answer: C
Explanation: A PaO2/FiO2 ratio less than 300 is a key criterion for diagnosing acute lung injury or ARDS.
Question 7:
Which vasopressor is typically first-line for managing hypotension in septic shock?
A. Dopamine
B. Norepinephrine
C. Epinephrine
D. Vasopressin
Answer: B
Explanation: Norepinephrine is preferred due to its effectiveness in maintaining blood pressure with fewer adverse effects on heart rate.
Question 8:
What is the purpose of a central venous catheter in the ICU?
A. To deliver enteral nutrition
B. To monitor central venous pressure and administer fluids
C. To perform dialysis
D. To measure urine output
Answer: B
Explanation: Central venous catheters allow for hemodynamic monitoring and rapid administration of fluids or medications.
Question 9:
In a patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) in the ICU, when is renal replacement therapy indicated?
A. When creatinine is normal
B. In cases of severe fluid overload or electrolyte imbalance
C. Only for chronic conditions
D. When urine output is high
Answer: B
Explanation: Indications for renal replacement therapy include severe metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, fluid overload, or uremia that is unresponsive to conservative measures.
Question 10:
What is the most common cause of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)?
A. Fungal infections
B. Aspiration of oropharyngeal secretions
C. Allergic reactions
D. Viral pathogens
Answer: B
Explanation: VAP often results from aspiration of contaminated secretions, emphasizing the importance of elevation of the head of the bed.
Question 11:
Which scoring system is used to assess the severity of illness in ICU patients?
A. APACHE II
B. BMI index
C. Glasgow scale
D. MELD score
Answer: A
Explanation: The APACHE II score evaluates acute physiology and chronic health to predict mortality risk in critically ill patients.
Question 12:
In neurogenic shock, what is the primary physiological issue?
A. Bradycardia and vasodilation
B. Tachycardia and vasoconstriction
C. Hypertension
D. Hyperthermia
Answer: A
Explanation: Neurogenic shock involves loss of sympathetic tone, leading to bradycardia and vasodilation, often after spinal cord injury.
Question 13:
What intervention is crucial for preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in immobilized ICU patients?
A. Bed rest
B. Prophylactic anticoagulation
C. High sodium diet
D. Fluid restriction
Answer: B
Explanation: Prophylactic anticoagulants, along with mechanical methods like compression stockings, reduce DVT risk in immobile patients.
Question 14:
Which electrolyte imbalance is most life-threatening in the ICU and requires immediate correction?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: C
Explanation: Hyperkalemia can cause cardiac arrhythmias and arrest, necessitating urgent treatment like calcium administration or dialysis.
Question 15:
What is the hallmark sign of tension pneumothorax in the ICU?
A. Decreased respiratory rate
B. Tracheal deviation away from the affected side
C. Bradycardia
D. Hypertension
Answer: B
Explanation: Tension pneumothorax causes mediastinal shift, leading to tracheal deviation away from the side of the pneumothorax.
Question 16:
In managing delirium in the ICU, what is the first step?
A. Administer sedatives
B. Identify and treat underlying causes
C. Restrain the patient
D. Increase noise levels
Answer: B
Explanation: Delirium management begins with addressing reversible causes such as infection, medication side effects, or sleep deprivation.
Question 17:
What is the target blood glucose level for critically ill patients?
A. Less than 200 mg/dL
B. 140-180 mg/dL
C. Greater than 250 mg/dL
D. Exactly 100 mg/dL
Answer: B
Explanation: Maintaining blood glucose between 140-180 mg/dL reduces the risk of hypoglycemia and improves outcomes in ICU patients.
Question 18:
Which acid-base disturbance is characterized by a low pH and low bicarbonate?
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis
Answer: C
Explanation: Metabolic acidosis features a decreased pH and bicarbonate due to excess acid or loss of base.
Question 19:
In cardiogenic shock, what is the primary treatment focus?
A. Fluid resuscitation
B. Inotropic support and revascularization
C. Vasodilators
D. Diuretics
Answer: B
Explanation: Inotropic agents and procedures like PCI improve cardiac output and perfusion in cardiogenic shock.
Question 20:
What is the key benefit of using a pulmonary artery catheter in the ICU?
A. To measure intracranial pressure
B. To assess cardiac output and pulmonary pressures
C. To administer chemotherapy
D. To monitor EEG activity
Answer: B
Explanation: Pulmonary artery catheters provide detailed hemodynamic data, helping guide fluid and vasoactive therapy.
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Part 3: Save time and energy: generate quiz questions with AI technology
Automatically generate questions using AI